Shealtiel & Zerubbabel

Shealtiel & Zerubbabel - How many?

Shealtiel & Zerubbabel
MATTHEW 1 COMMENTARY
Matthew 1:11 Deportation to Babylon

Matthew 1:12-16 Shealtiel & Zerubbabel

Matthew 1:17 Fourteen Generations
MATTHEW 1:12-16  12 And after the deportation to Babylon, Jeconiah begot Shealtiel, and Shealtiel begot Zerubbabel. 13 And Zerubbabel begot Abiud, and Abiud begot Eliakim, and Eliakim begot Azor. 14 And Azor begot Zadok, and Zadok begot Achim, and Achim begot Eliud. 15 And Eliud begot Eleazar, and Eleazar begot Matthan, and Matthan begot Jacob. 16 And Jacob begot Joseph the husband of Mary, of whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ.

Why are the names above highlighted in two different colors?
The succession of the kings of Judah ended after the kingdom was destroyed and they were deported to Babylon during the reign of Jeconiah, so the names highlighted in green are found only in the New Testament instead of in both the Old and New Testaments.

Is the Zerubbabel above the same “Zerubbabel” mentioned in 1 Chronicles 3?
No, the two have different fathers, as well as different children. The Zerubbabel in Matthew 1:12 is the son of Shealtiel and the father of Abiud, while the Zerubbabel in 1 Chronicles 3 is the son of Pedaiah and the father of eight other children: 17 And the sons of Jeconiah when captive: Shealtiel his son, 18 and Malchiram, and Pedaiah, and Shenazzar, Jecamiah, Hoshama, and Nedabiah. 19 And the sons of Pedaiah: Zerubbabel and Shimei. And the sons of Zerubbabel: Meshullam, and Hananiah, and Shelomith their sister, 20 and Hashubah, and Ohel, and Berechiah, and Hasadiah, and Jushab-Hesed - five” (1 Chronicles 3:17-20). Shealtiel and Pedaiah were brothers who both named their sons “Zerubbabbel.”

What about the “Shealtiel” and the “Zerubbabel” mentioned in Luke 3:27?
The father of the “Shealtiel” in Luke 3:27 is “Neri” instead of Jeconiah (Matthew 1:12) or Pedaiah (1 Chronicles 3:19), and the son of the “Zerubbabel” in Luke 3:27 is “Rhesa” instead of Abiud (Matthew 1:13) or any of those named in 1 Chronicles 3:19-20 above. Moreover, while the Shealtiel and the two cousins named “Zerubbabel” in Matthew 1:12 and in 1 Chronicles 3:19 are the son and the grandsons, respectively, of the last king of Judah and the 19th and the 20th descendants of King David through his royal heir King “Solomon” (Matthew 1:6), the “Shealtiel” and “Zerubbabel” in Luke 3:27 are the 20th and the 21st descendants of King David through his son “Nathan” (Luke 3:31), so they were very distant relatives of their royal namesakes.

Why would there be two people named “Shealtiel” and three people named “Zerubbabel”?
When Jews chose names, uniqueness wasn't a priority. In fact, 20% of the 40 kings who reigned in Judah (21 kings) or in Israel (19 kings) were cross-border namesakes, as both kingdoms had kings named “Joram” (also spelled Jehoram), “Ahaziah,” “Joash” (also spelled Jehoash), and “Jehoahaz” (also spelled Joahaz, and the one in Judah was formerly called “Shallum” (1 Chronicles 3:15)).

But people with the same names AND in the same era (19 to 21 generations after King David)?
Six generations after King David, the kingdoms of Judah and Israel were both ruled by kings named “Joram” (Jehoram), and men named “Ahaziah” succeeded the Joram in Judah and preceded the Joram in Israel: “So Ahaziah died according to the word of the LORD which Elijah had spoken, and because he had no son, Joram became king in his place in the second year of Joram the son of Jehoshaphat, king of Judah” (2 Kings 1:17). Moreover, Jewish names are descriptive. “Shealtiel,” which means “I have asked of God” or “I have petitioned God,” describes the era of 19 to 21 generations after David as that is when the Jews of Judah were crying out to God after their kingdom was destroyed and they were deported to Babylon, while the name “Zerubbabel” belongs only to this era since it means “born at Babel/Babylon” or “stranger to Babel/Babylon.” It is likely that many more boys were named “Shealtiel” and “Zerubbabel” during this era. It should also be noted that historical events driving baby names isn't unique to ancient Israel. Within five days of the United States electing its first black president, 23 boys born at just one hospital - the Nyanza Provincial Hospital in Kisumu, Kenya - were given “Barack Obama” as their first and middle names.